[Incazelo Yesayensi]
Ama-Hydrogels ngamanethiwekhi wamaketanga e-hydrophilic polymer, abizwa ngama-colloidal gels, lapho amanzi ayindlela yokuhlakazeka. Isoftware enobukhulu obuthathu ingenxa yamaketanga e-hydrophilic polymer abanjwe ndawonye ngokuxhumanisa. Ngenxa yokuxhumanisa okuphambene, ubuqotho besakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-hydrogel ngeke buchithwe ngamanzi amaningi (i-doi: 10.1021 / acs.jchemed.6b00389). Ama-Hydrogels nawo amunca kakhulu (angaqukatha amanzi angaphezu kwama-90%) amanethiwekhi wepolymer wemvelo noma owenziwe. Igama elithi "hydrogel" lavela okokuqala ezincwadini ngo-1894 (doi: 10.1007 / BF01830147). Ekuqaleni, ucwaningo lwama-hydrogels lwalugxile kule nethiwekhi ye-polymer exhumene namakhemikhali elula yokufunda izici zayo eziyisisekelo, njengokuvuvukala / ukuvuvukala kwe-kinetics kanye ne-equilibrium, ukusakazeka kwe-solute, ukuguqulwa kwesigaba sevolumu nokungqubuzana okushelelayo, kanye nocwaningo lezo zinhlelo. Okufana ne-ophthalmology kanye nokulethwa kwezidakamizwa. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kocwaningo lwe-hydrogel, ukugxila kwayo kusukile kumanethiwekhi alula kuya kumanethiwekhi "okuphendula". Kulesi sigaba, ama-hydrogel ahlukahlukene angaphendula ekuguqukeni kwezimo zemvelo njenge-pH, izinga lokushisa, nezindawo zikagesi nezikagesi sezakhiwe. Kuphakanyiswa i-actuator ye-hydrogel ephendula ezinhlakeni zikagesi nakuzibuthe. Kodwa-ke, ama-hydrogels ngaleso sikhathi ayevame ukuthamba kakhulu noma aqine kakhulu, okwakunciphisa kakhulu izicelo zawo ezingaba khona. Ngokufika kwenkulungwane entsha yeminyaka, ama-hydrogel nawo angene enkathini entsha, ngokuthuthuka kokuthuthuka kwezakhiwo zawo zemishini. Le mpumelelo iholele ocwaningweni oluningi lokuhlukaniswa kwemikhakha yama-hydrogel. Kulezi zinsuku, izindlela ezahlukahlukene zamakhemikhali ezinezakhiwo ezisebenzisa amandla zingasetshenziswa ukwenza ama-hydrogel aqine kunemisipha noqwanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibuye ifinyelele eminye imisebenzi, njengokuzipholisa, izimpendulo eziningi zokukhuthaza, ukunamathela, ukumanzisa okukhulu, njll. Ukuthuthukiswa okusha kwe-hydrogel enamandla kukhulise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa okungahle kwenziwe kwalolu daba emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amarobhothi athambile, okwenziwe izitho, umuthi wokuzivuselela, njll. (doi: /10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00238).
【Inhloso enkulu】
1. Iscaffold kubunjiniyela bezicubu (doi: 10.1002 / advs.201801664).
2. Uma isetshenziswa njengesikafula, i-hydrogel ingaqukatha amaseli womuntu ukulungisa izicubu. Zilingisa i-3D microenvelo yamaseli (doi: 10.1039 / C4RA12215).
3. Sebenzisa imithombo embozwe nge-hydrogel kumasiko amaseli (doi: 10.1126 / science.1116995).
4. Ama-hydrogel azwela imvelo (abizwa nangokuthi "ama-smart gel" noma "ama-smart gel"). Lawa ma-hydrogels anekhono lokuzwa ushintsho ku-pH, izinga lokushisa noma ukugxila kwe-metabolite futhi akhulule lezo zinguquko (doi: 10.1016 / j.jconrel.2015.09.011).
5. I-hydrogel enomjovo, engasetshenziswa njengesithwali semithi ekwelapheni izifo noma esiphethe iseli ngenhloso yokuzivuselela noma ubunjiniyela bezicubu (i-doi: 10.1021 / acs.biomac.9b00769).
6. Uhlelo lokulethwa kwezidakamizwa oluqinile. Amandla we-Ionic, i-pH kanye nokushisa kungasetshenziswa njengezimbangi zokulawula ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa (doi: 10.1016 / j.cocis.2010.05.016).
7. Nikeza ukumuncwa kwezicubu ze-necrotic ne-fibrotic, ukuncipha kanye nokususwa emzimbeni
8. Ama-Hydrogels asabela kuma-molecule athile (njenge-glucose noma ama-antigen) angasetshenziswa njenge-biosensors noma i-DDS (doi: 10.1021 / cr500116a).
9. Amanabukeni alahlwayo angamunca umchamo noma afakwe kuma-napkin sanitary (doi: 10.1016 / j.eurpolymj.2014.11.024).
10. Ama-lens wokuxhumana (i-silicone hydrogel, i-polyacrylamide, i-hydrogel equkethe i-hydrogel).
11. Ama-electrode ezokwelapha e-EEG neECG asebenzisa ama-hydrogel aqukethe ama-polymers axhumene (i-polyethylene oxide, i-polyAMPS ne-polyvinylpyrrolidone).
12. Iziqhumane ze-Hydrogel.
13. Ukuphathwa kwesibindi nokuxilongwa.
14. Ukupakisha amachashazi we-quantum.
15. Izimila zesifuba (isengezo sebele).
16. Iglu.
17. Izinhlayiyana ezisetshenziselwa ukugcina umswakama womhlabathi ezindaweni ezomile.
18. Ukugqoka okwelapha ukusha noma ezinye izilonda okunzima ukuzipholisa. Ijeli lesilonda lisiza kakhulu ekwakheni noma ekugcineni indawo enomswakama.
19. Ukugcinwa kwezidakamizwa ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle; ikakhulukazi izidakamizwa ze-ionic ezilethwa yi-iontophoresis.
20. Into efanisa izicubu ze-mucosal zezilwane, ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlola izakhiwo zokunamathela kwe-mucosal zezinhlelo zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa (i-doi: 10.1039 / C5CC02428E).
21. Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okushisa. Uma ihlanganiswe nama-ion, ingasusa ukushisa kumadivayisi e-elektroniki namabhethri, futhi iguqule ukushintshaniswa kokushisa kube yinkokhiso kagesi.
【Intuthuko yethu yamanje】
Njengamanje, izicelo zethu ze-hydrogel zisetshenziswa kakhulu ku-cosmetology nasekwelapheni, futhi sigcina isikhundla esiphambili embonini ye-hydrogel ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ngokobuchwepheshe, futhi i-QA \ QC ihlala izinzile.
Isikhathi Iposi: Aug-11-2021